M/S. WARDEN AND CO., (INDIA) PVT. Liu. v. COLLECTOR OF CENTRAL EXCISE, THANE

. The Judgment of the Court was delivered by F N.P. SINGH, J. This-is an appeal under Section 35L of the Central Excise and Salt Act, 1944 (hereinafter referred to as 'the Act').

The appellant has been manufacturing fibre drum, which consists of a circular tube exclusively made out of paper or paper-board. The lid and the bottom are made of plywood which is reinforced with mild steel rings G and c).amps. According to the appellant, in the total weight of the .I7bre drum, the predominant weight is of the paper or paper board. The same is the position in respect of value of the said fibre drum, the predominant value being of t~e paper or paper board. Commercially, it is known as a paper product. H

740 SUPREME COURT REPORTS · [1995] 1 S.C.R.

A The dispute is as to whet~er the fibre drum should be classified . under. Item No.17(4) as claimed by the appellant or under the residuary ...,......... Item No. 68 which is the stand. of the Revenue. There is no dispute that prior to the Finance Act, 1982, it was classified under the residuary Item .. No. 68. But thereafter the appellant sought classification of the said fibre drum under Item No. 17(4) and exemption under Notification No. 66 of

B 1982. By an order dated 24.3.1982, the Assistant Collector of the Central Excise, approved the classification as sought by the appellant. The Trade Notification No. 49 (MP} paper (2) 1982 dated 24.3.1982 (hereinafter referred to as the 'Trade Notice') in respect of Item No. 17(4) said :

c "Sub-item (4) covers packing transport, storage, or sale of merchandise whether or not having a decorative valnc; bags canes, packets, sacks, boxes, cartons, drums fitted with reinforcing cir- cular bands of other materials, tubular containers for posting documents, garment bags, the like are also covered under this - sub item". D The Assistant Collector of Central Excise, however, by an order dated 14.4.1982 called upon the appellant to file a revised classification list classifying fibre drum under Item 68, on the ground that as the fibre drum was not made exclusively out of paper, it was,,not eligible for classification E under Item No. 17(4). In view of the Jetter aforesaid, the appellant filed revised classification list No. 3/82 classifying the fibre drum under item No. 68 under protest. The appellant addressed a letter dated 29.6.1982 repre- senting its case that fibre drum was classifiable under Item No. 17(4) and, was not classifiable under Item No. 68. Ultimately by an order dated p 20.10.1982, the Assistant Collector of Central Excise, held that Item No. 17(4) and Notification No. 66/82 were only applicabie to such goods and .. articles which were made exclusively out of paper or paper board. Ag- grieved by the said order an appeal was filed 'before the Collector of Central Excise (Appeals). The said appeal was allowed on the finding that fibre drum was classlfiable-under Item No. 17(4). The Collector of Central G Excise (Appeals) referred to the composition of the fibre drum and the -aforesaid Trade Notice in s1upport of his finding.

The Revenue preferred an appeal before the Customs, Excise & Gold (Control) Appellate Tribunal (hereinafter referred to as 'the H Tribunal'). The Tribunal came to tlie conclusion that the fibre drum

,._·.

WARDEN AND CO. (I) l'Vf. LTD. v. COLLECIDROFCEN'I'RALEXCISE[N.l'. SINGH,J.)741 I

manufa~tured by the appellant was classifiable under Item, No. 68 of the A Central Excise Tariff and not under Item No. 17(4). On that finding the order of the Collector of Central Ex.cise (Appeals) was set aside.

On behalf of the appellant, it was urged that.there was no dispute that the fibre drum manufactured by the appellant is used as packing containers. The only dispute is as to whether it is covered by Item No. B 17(4), when apart from paper or paper board, the lid and the bottom of the said fibre drum are made of plywood and to reinforce the same a steel ring has been placed. The relevant part of Item No. 17 is as follows :

"17. Paper and Paper Board, all sorts (including paste- board, mill C board, straw board, cardboard and corrugated board), and articles thereof specified below, in or in relation to the manufacture of which any process is ordinarily carried on with the aid of power :

(1) .............:................................... D (2) ................................................ .

(3) ............................................... .. ( 4) Boxes, cartons, bags and othei; packing TWENTY cbntainers (including flattened or folded TWO ANDA boxes and flattened or folded cartons, HALF PER- E whether or not printed and whether in CENT AD . assembled or unassembled condition." VALOREM On a plain reading, boxes, cartons, bags. ,and other packing containers

. manufactured from paper or paper board shall be covered under Item No. 17 because 'paper, pape~ board and all sorts including paste board, mill board, corriigated board and articles thereof have been specified in clauses p

1 to 4 of Item No. 17. It need not be pointed qut that boxes, cartons, bags and-other packing containers, mentioned in Itein No. 17(4) must have been manufactured out of paper or paper board. But if just to strengthen the packing container,1 a small piece of plywood or a steel ring is introduced, whether such packmg containers shall be out of the purview of Item No. G 17(4)? The Tribunal'has referred to the details of the fibre drum by saying that the cylinderical portion of the fibre drum is made of paper and its bottom and top are of plywood, reinforced with mild steel ring and clamp. The Tribunal has also mentioned in the impugned order that according to the appella'nt, in tenn:s of the percentage content, paper constitutes 51.18% H

SUPREMECOURTREPORTS . [1995] 1 S.C.R.

A of the finished product, the plywood content is about 23.57% and rings and clamps about 19.1/2%. Even before this Court, there was no dispute, that _._, the percentage of the paper content is 51.18% only and the remaining 48.82% consists of plywood, rings and clamps etc. In this background, can it be ~aid that fibre drum which is a container is made of "paper and paper boaro, all sorts (including paste- board, mill board, straw board, cardboard and corrugated board), and articles thereof.. ..... " for being covered by tariff Item No. 17. Tariff Item No. 17 read as a whole along with different sub- clauses makes it abundantly clear that to be included in the said tariff Item, the product must be of paper, paper board and all sorts. How a product can be covered by the said tariff Item No. 17 including 17(4) if the paper or paper board constitutes only 51.18% and the rest 48.82% consists of plywood content, rings and clamps etc.?

On behalf of the appellant, it was pointed out that internationally, composite paper board drums and containers e'len when they are fitted with reinforcing circular bands of other materials, other than paper, e.g. D textile backings, wooden supports, string handles, metal or plastic corners, they are classified under heading 48.16 under Customs Co-operation 1 Nomenclature (CCCN - Brussels which is equivalent to Tariff Item No. 17(4).

E The Glossary of Terms relating to Paper and Flexible Packaging issued by Indian Standards Institution (IS : 7186 - 1973) defines 'Fibreboard Drum' as "a shipping package with cylindrical side wall com- posed of paper or board having disc ends of similar or different materials,

F such as steel, wood etc." Thus, in spite of plywood discs at the top and the bottom, the fibre drum is to be treated as a fibre board drum, according to the Glossary of Terms relating to paper and Flexible packing issued by .. the Indian Standards Institution. Whatever may be the classification by the Customs Co-operation Nomenclature (CCCN-Brussels), but Tariff Item No.17, including 17(4) clearly specify the products covered by said Item .. No. 17 must be the product of paper, paper board and all sorts. G On behalf of the Revenue, reliance was placed on the Judgment of this Court in the case of Geep Flashlight Industries Ltd. v. Union of India,. (1985) 2 E.L.T. 3 (S.C.) where this Court had to consider Tariff Item No.15A(2) which read as under:

H "Articles made of Plastics, all sorts, including tubes, rods, \

WARDEN AND CO. (l)PVf. LTD.v. COLLECTOROFCENTRALEXCISE(N.P. SINGH,J.)743

sheets, foils sticks, other rectangular or profile shape whether laminated or not, and whether rigid or flexible including lay flat tubings and polyvinyl chlorides sheets ...... "

In that connection, it was said:

"The learned Counsel contended that the Plastic torch manufactured by the petitioner is nothing else but plastic tube made of plastic in which certain other devices are inserted so as - .,... to make it a torch but it none-the-less retains the character of a plastic tube. A mere reference to Tariff Item No. 15A (2) would show that the articles therein described are plastic materials in different shape and form and not articles made from such plastic c material. There is a noticeable difference between plastic material in different shape and form such as tubes, rods, sheets etc. and articles made from such plastic material such as plastic torch. It would be doing violence to language if one were to include plastic torch in articles under Tariff Item No. 15A(2) on the ground that D •> a plastic tube is used for manufacturing plastic torch. Article such as tubes, rods, sheets, foils, sticks etc. of plastic material merely describe plastic material in different shape and form and each word used therein takes its colour from the word just preceding and just succeeding and the adjectival clause 'articles made of E plastics'. Articles made of plastic meaning article made wholly of commodity commercially known as plastics and not articles made from plastics along with other materials."

.. """"' (emphasis supplied)

The Tribunal has placed reliance on the judgment in the case of Mis. Indian Textile Paper Tube Company Ltd. Madras v. Collector of Central F

Excise, Madurai, (1984), 18 E.L.T. 35, where it was said that Vim Con- tainers and Defence Containers cannot be said to be articlt'.s of paper or paper board; they are composite containers made of paper, paper board and other metal components. The material components like lids and bot- G -I toms were made of tin plates and black plates and printed aluminum foils were added. Paper or paper board was one of the raw materials. It was classified under Item No. 68 and not under Item No. 17(4), before it was held that they cannot be held to be articles of paper or paper Board, in view of the lids and bottoms of such Vim Containers and Defence Con- H

744 SUPREME COURT REPORTS [1995j 1 S.C.R.

A tainers having_ been made of tin plates and black plates with printed aluminum foils having been added. We are informed that a Special Leave Petition filed against the said judgment has been rejected by this Court. According to us, there is not much difference in the components of Fibre Drum from Vim tontainer and Defence Container. The Tribunal has rightly come to the conclusion that such fibre drums shall not be covered B by Item No. 17(4) and they shall be covered by residuary Item No. 68. Accordingly, the appeal is dismissed. The order of the Tribunal is upheld. There will be no order as to costs.

A.G. Appeal dismissed;

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